Anti-UAV system category and working principle
Natural enemies are an indispensable part of the development of natural biological chains. Some fast-rising species must produce natural enemies to curb the harm caused by their crazy and disorderly growth. This principle may also be suitable for certain areas of technology, such as drones.
In just a few years, drones have moved from niche to popular. Because of its rapid development, the safety hazards and accidents caused by the "black fly" of drones have been repeatedly banned, so anti-UAV systems have emerged. So what kind of methods do the "natural enemies" of these drones use to encircle drones?
Block interference type
This type is more suitable for the current UAV flooding and widely used anti-UAV mode. The interference blocking type anti-UAV strategy is widely used to transmit directional sound waves or radio frequencies to the target drone, interfere with the hardware of the drone or cut off the communication between the drone and the remote controller, thereby forcing the unmanned The aircraft landed or returned on its own.
Signal interference
In general, the simplest and straightforward way to block interference is signal interference, which is relatively low in technology and less costly. At present, most UAVs on the market use a combination of GPS satellite navigation system and inertial navigation system. It is not difficult to get the GPS signal to be interfered. The anti-UAV system only needs to launch a certain target to the UAV. The directional radio frequency of the power can be obtained. After the GPS signal of the drone is interfered, the accurate self-coordinate data cannot be obtained, which will cause the drone to lose control to a certain extent, so that the operation fails. However, this method is also the mildest of the many "encirclement and drape" drones. It does not allow the drone to fall. It is a way to reduce the "harmful purpose" of drones by interference.
Acoustic interference
In terms of signal interference, the acoustic interference is much higher, and the degree of damage is higher than the signal interference.
In August last year, researchers from the Korea Advanced Science and Technology Research Institute (KAIST) published a report saying that a new type of "sound wave interference anti-UAV system" was developed. Unlike signal interference, this method is used. Sound waves interfere with the hardware of the drone, making it incapable of working.
Inside the drone there is an important component, the gyroscope, which provides the drone with information such as tilt, rotation and direction of the body to maintain the balance of the body. Researchers in South Korea have shown that when the acoustic frequency is consistent with the natural frequency of the drone gyroscope, resonance occurs, making the gyroscope unable to work properly, causing the drone to fall. Although the method of interfering with hardware is more violent and more direct, the relative signal interference is insufficient. The aiming and tracking of acoustic interference is not as stable as GPS interference, and the cost is expensive. It is not suitable for use in the public anti-UAV system. .
Radio wave interference
When it comes to interference-blocking anti-UAV systems, I have to mention the AUDS system, which is the British company Blighter Surveillance Systems, Chess Dynamics and Entres Control Systems. The anti-UAV system jointly developed by Enterprise Control Systems is considered to be the most famous anti-UAV device last year. The system mainly uses a high-power radio wave to eliminate the drone. Simply put, this radio wave can effectively block drone communication and shut down the drone in midair. The defense system also has a very long attack range. It can attack threat drones 1.6 kilometers away. It only takes 10-15 seconds to aim at the target. It can also launch a "bee colony attack" on the drone, and shoot down multiple unmanned targets at one time. Machine, the threat to the black flying drone is very big.
AUDS
Violent destruction
Compared with the gentle anti-UAV mode of radio wave interference, the violent anti-UAV method is mostly used for military purposes, and its characteristics are one word: violence! The purpose is also very straightforward: the grass is removed from the roots, leaving no room for it.
high tech
The Boeing Company of the United States last year proposed an anti-UAV solution and launched the main tool of the program - the laser cannon.
This laser cannon has a high-energy laser mobile transmitter developed by Boeing. It has been tested that the laser emitted by the transmitter at full power will only take two seconds to burn a hole in the drone shell. Such destructive power is a fatal blow to the flying drone. This laser cannon also has the advantage that it can run at a very low cost and can be operated with a 220V power supply. That is to say, if you plug in a power, you can knock the drone out of the air.
Boeing Laser Cannon
Physical shell
In order to remediate these drones, the weapons manufacturers are not idle. Snake River of the United States has introduced a special UAV-specific bullet that can easily shoot down drones with their company's equipment. Coincidentally, the fighting nation Russia launched a special anti-UAV equipment at the beginning of this year - the shoulder-mounted anti-UAV device SkyWall100, which is driven by compressed gas and can launch a mesh trap to the drone. To capture illegally invading drones. However, compared with the U.S. drone bullets, the fighting people are slightly gentle. Their SkyWall 100 shells have built-in parachutes, so the drones may not be killed after being hit.
The use of guns is indeed an excessive requirement for the peace-loving Chinese people, but it does not matter. At the beginning of this year, the Michigan Institute of Technology successfully developed a drone air catcher specifically for the "drawing" drone. . This drone capture device is also a drone, which can launch a large net like a missile launcher and catch the black fly drone. This way of making the drones the same kind of distraction is really picturesque. ......
System controlled
Whether it is interference blocking or direct destruction, it is easy to cause the drone's crash and have additional impact. In order to avoid this, it is necessary to use a safer way.
At last year's DefCon hacking conference, the researchers demonstrated the use of WiFi to hijack and let Parrot's drones fall from the sky. The principle is to take advantage of the built-in WiFi capabilities and openness of the BusyBox real-time operating system in the drone. The telnet port is used to invade and operate the drone. At last year's GeekPwn 2015 Carnival, hackers also demonstrated similar attacks using drone exploits.
Although these methods are caused by the loopholes of the drones, we reversely think that if some "white hats" obtain control of "harmful drones" by this means, not only can the drone stop the danger, but also Avoid other effects of drone crashes.
In fact, there are already many anti-UAV teams that have begun to develop this approach.
Anti-UAV assistance
In addition to the hacker's anti-UAV approach, other methods require some way to identify and locate the drone to ensure accurate targeting of the drone, so some other techniques are needed.
The ADUS system described above integrates the Brett A400 series Ku-band electronic scanning air defense radar, Chess' electro-opTIc director, visible light camera, infrared camera and target tracking software, capable of 8 km range. The drone inside is detected, tracked, and identified.
From this point of view, radar, FM radio and camera technology can be used to detect drones. There are other ways besides this.
Australian anti-UAV company DroneShield uses sound-aware technology that records the noise of several locations and then uses their patented technology to remove background noise, which can then be used to identify the sound of a drone. The technology can achieve a voice recognition distance of up to 1 km.
DroneShield sound-aware technology workflow
With these assistive technologies, you can't catch Black's drones.
Control is king
As a sophisticated technology, drones bring a lot of convenience to people, so why have so many anti-UAV methods been born? In fact, after all, "black fly" is the original sin. Due to the proliferation of drones, many accidents have occurred, and this old-fashioned issue is not highlighted. In order to reduce the harm of drones, the anti-UAV system can only be used as a "policeman" in the drone industry. It can only cure the symptoms, and it is necessary to strengthen the control. This is the "law" and can cure the problem. .
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