The ONU has two functions: it selectively receives the broadcast sent by the OLT, and responds to the OLT if the data needs to be received; collects and buffers the Ethernet data that the user needs to send, and sends it to the OLT according to the assigned sending window The end sends the buffered data.
The application of ONU can effectively improve the uplink bandwidth utilization of the entire system, and it can also configure the channel bandwidth according to the network application environment and applicable service characteristics to carry as many end users as possible without affecting the communication efficiency and communication quality, and improve the network utilization Rate and reduce user costs.
The concept of Passive Optical Network (PON) has a long history. It has the characteristics of saving optical fiber resources and being transparent to network protocols, and it plays an increasingly important role in optical access networks. At the same time, after 20 years of development, Ethernet technology has almost completely dominated the local area network with its simple, practical, and low-cost characteristics, and in fact has been proved to be the best carrier for carrying IP data packets. As the proportion of IP services in metro and trunk transmission continues to rise, Ethernet is also gradually penetrating access, metro and even backbone networks through improvements in transmission rate and manageability. The combination of Ethernet and PON resulted in the Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON). It has the advantages of Ethernet and PON at the same time, and is becoming a popular technology in the field of optical access networks.
EPON is a kind of emerging broadband access technology. It realizes integrated service access of data, voice and video through a single optical fiber access system, and has good economic efficiency. The industry generally believes that FTTH is the ultimate solution for broadband access, and EPON will also become a mainstream broadband access technology. Due to the characteristics of the EPON network structure, the special advantages of broadband access to the home, and the natural organic combination with computer networks, experts all over the world agree that passive optical network is the realization of "three networks in one" and the solution to the information highway The best transmission medium for the "last mile".
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