Intelligent vehicle information system design
According to a study by the US Department of Transportation, people around the world spend more than 500 million hours a week on a car. Since there is so much time spent in the car, people want to be able to take advantage of these hours to enjoy entertainment, to talk to people who love, and even to accomplish tasks that usually need to be done in the workplace.
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Keeping in touch in the car is what people want to achieve the most, just look at the use of the phone to know. In addition, encountering serious traffic jams on the road, taking the wrong road, or encountering common things like running out of gasoline may affect your arrival at the destination on time.
How can the driver keep in touch while driving safely and arrive at the destination on time? The clever way is to communicate and control through voice commands combined with an internet connection. Microsoft
Telematics
The Platform (Microsoft In-Vehicle Information Processing Platform) provides this feature as a hub for integrating various mobile devices and transmitting information over the Internet and wireless networks.
The Microsoft telematics platform provides the following features:
Advanced voice recognition and synthesis technology - On-demand web services, such as avoiding traffic jams, accessing the latest headlines, or searching for the nearest lowest price gas station via the "MSN Cars" channel (currently only available in the US) · Personalized navigation : Use GPS to find places of interest or directions
The PDA/Mobile phone integrates Bluetooth technology to wirelessly connect mobile phones and PDAs to the car's electronic system, allowing drivers to use the voice of the car's audio system to make and receive calls, receive meeting reminders and access important data.
• Remotely diagnoses the vehicle's “health†status, including fault and maintenance alarms, thereby potentially improving the company's automotive business unit and Xilinx to create a reference platform that delivers these benefits at a low cost. Development of simpler, more reliable and affordable solutions for drivers around the world.
Flexible and scalable platforms Traditional automotive electronics design methods have been developing very specific, customized and fixed solutions based on the needs of automotive manufacturers. In-vehicle information systems and infotainment are forcing the automotive industry to rethink products and systems designed into a typical "connected car."
The convergence of the consumer world with cars (such as in-vehicle information systems) has forced the idea of ​​“consumption development†into a traditionally slow, conservative, and cost-driven industry. New demands brought about by the consumer industry require rapid changes, as consumers are always looking forward to new big things.
This need forces people to seek flexible architectures and design change methods that not only meet current applications but also enable future and potentially unknown features. This conflicts with the many years of development and verification cycles typically required for typical automotive electronics designs. Now, a currently developed platform (for new cars released two or three years later) has enough system resources to handle the unknown changes that occur during and after the entire product development cycle.
For any platform, flexibility and scalability are critical to the success of the architecture, whether it's a basic system or a high-performance, high-end telematics system. With this in mind, Microsoft has developed a truly customizable and scalable automotive standard in-vehicle information processing platform.
The platform integrates an ARM9-based microcontroller that supports 32MB of flash memory / 32MB
Memory above DRAM and includes integrated GPS Bluetooth and a GSM phone module. External vehicle connections include a CAN network interface and protected analog and digital I/O for LED Driver and button input. The basic architecture of the platform is shown in Figure 1.
Microsoft takes advantage of the flexibility and high integration capabilities of FPGA technology. The platform uses a Spartan-3 XC3S400
FPGAs are used to implement multiple independent purposes, such as GSM telephony interfaces, vehicle interfaces (CAN controllers and K-lines), and complex audio signal conditioning and routing functions (see Figure 2).
The high level of integration provided by FPGAs also has the advantage of including multiple buses, interfaces, and clocks in a single device, making design that utilizes EMI easy to manage. In addition, reducing component count and board space will reduce production costs and achieve higher manufacturing quality, which are important factors in any automotive design.
Knowing the essence of vehicle development and the many different vehicle interfaces available today, Microsoft deliberately designed a flexible solution that allows for rapid modification of the back-end vehicle interface without affecting the underlying architecture and system performance. For example, in the future it will be possible to tune the FPGA solution to meet the needs of end applications with automotive buses such as MOST, IDB-1394 or other digital vehicle networks.
Speech Recognition System At the heart of Microsoft's telematics platform is the speech recognition (VR) system. The audio signal path in any VR system is analog bias/filtering, digitization, and digital filtering, and finally the signal is sent to the VR engine for speech processing.
In this path, there is an opportunity for excess noise to enter the system, including on the electrical platform and in the automotive environment, even before these electronic devices. Both product developers and car manufacturers must ensure that the microphone position and type are properly applied to the application and environment.
In the perfect case, the VR system will receive a clean, continuous voice signal - but given the dynamic nature of the automotive environment, designing acceptable speech recognition is not an easy task. Factors such as speed, window status (on/off), road noise, and weather conditions (rain/wind) will further exacerbate VR system problems that have been difficult to solve, such as language, accent, and gender. These additional factors enhance the importance of preprocessing the signal with a highly adaptive digital filtering algorithm before it reaches the VR engine.
Microsoft chose to implement this signal preprocessing function in hardware and used Xilinx's parallel DSP processing. Spartan-3
With up to 104 embedded 18-bit multipliers, FPGAs are ideal for implementing compact DSP architectures such as MAC engines, distributed arithmetic FIR filters, and fully parallel FIR filters in a low-cost device.
Microsoft also offloaded processor-intensive software filtering tasks into hardware. Of course, this pre-processing can also be implemented with ASSP, such as a dedicated DSP chip. But doing so will lose the benefits of a high degree of integration through the rest of the platform.
The combination of in-vehicle information systems and VR enables adaptive and scalable VR engines and DSP filters that are specifically tailored to certain types of users and environments (eg language: English; accent: Scotland; gender: female).
The importance of leaving sufficient spare resources to accommodate new and unexpected future upgrades when designing automotive products (especially the infotainment part of the vehicle) applies equally to FPGAs. It is now becoming increasingly clear to automotive OEMs that an architecture with flexible and scalable firmware is required in future platforms.
Although the current coprocessor is not implemented in the Microsoft platform, it can be easily implemented by adding a soft processor. Just as in Microsoft's design, the DSP processing load is offloaded from the main processor, you can also use an embedded processor (such as Xilinx).
A 32-bit MicroBlaze soft processor or an 8-bit PicoBlaze microcontroller) offloads some processing load from the main system processor.
FPGA for automotive applications
In recent years, in-vehicle electronic devices have experienced tremendous growth, not only in traditional body control and engine management, but also in new areas such as driver assistance systems and in-vehicle information system applications. According to figures recently released by the IEEE, automotive electronics has an annual growth rate of 16%, and it is estimated that the cost of electronic equipment in a medium-sized car will account for 25% of the total cost by 2005.
In-vehicle information systems show some of the features that are more like consumer products - time to market, short time in market, standards and protocols are constantly changing. These issues will affect the way engineers design and select the hardware they need to quickly create, repeat, and support future upgrades.
FPGA technology can now meet these requirements. Xilinx is committed to meeting the needs of in-vehicle information systems and automotive infotainment applications through its Xilinx Automotive (XA) family of products that offer the following features:
· Extended temperature range up to 125°C
Full Productive Part Approval Process (PPAP) support · Industry-recognized AEC-Q100 device qualification inspection process · Compliance with world automotive quality standard ISO TS 16949 and lead-free package to comply with RoHS directives These devices are based on our Spartan family of FPGAs. Particularly suitable for digital designs that require low cost per system (system gate), low cost per I/O, and advanced features such as multiple I/O standards and embedded multipliers on a single device for high speed DSP .
Summary of this article Under the commitment of supporters such as Microsoft Automotive and Xilinx Automotive, automakers are adopting a convergence of key technologies in a platform that can help:
· A valuable and affordable in-vehicle information system solution · Reliable connectivity through wireless networks · High-quality speech recognition · A widely supported operating system for application developers · Low-cost hardware
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