Design and implementation of a new lithium battery management system
With the development of society, lithium batteries are widely used in various fields of production and life. The application and management of batteries has become a very key technology in the development of various devices. Based on the research of lithium battery technology, this paper designs a new management system for lithium battery and introduces the implementation method. The design of the lithium battery management system implements a distributed structural design, which includes functional local measurement modules such as power estimation, battery charging and discharging, and balancing between individual batteries, and specifically analyzes the hardware design of each module.
Since the beginning of this century, lithium battery production and research have achieved a great breakthrough, because of its many good advantages, such as stable discharge voltage, low self-discharge rate, wide operating temperature range, no memory effect, long storage life and light weight. The small size and other characteristics have gradually replaced the traditional nickel-cadmium storage battery and lead-acid storage battery, which has become wider and wider in the field of social production and life, and has become the mainstream power battery. Because the chemical reaction inside the lithium battery is very complicated, while people continue to improve the performance of the battery itself, it is also constantly researching the management technology and use of the battery to increase the battery life, improve the battery efficiency, and maximize the battery. performance.
Battery Management System (BMS), which involves technologies such as microcomputer technology and detection, implements dynamic monitoring of the operating status of battery cells and battery packs, accurately calculates the remaining battery capacity, and performs charge and discharge protection on the battery. It is in the best working condition, reducing operating costs and increasing service life. This paper combines some advanced achievements at home and abroad, and designs and implements a new lithium battery management system. The management system structure adopts modular and distributed design, and the system includes two levels of control structure, namely local measurement module and central processing module. Among them, the main function of the central processing module is to use RS232 interface to communicate with the host computer, and communicate with the local measurement module in the form of CAN bus network; the main function of the local measurement module is data acquisition (mainly temperature, current and voltage data acquisition) ), charge and discharge control, power measurement, single battery equalization and communication with the central processing module using CAN bus technology.
1 management system hardware designThe battery management system designed in this paper is mainly applied to electric vehicles and some underwater equipments. Therefore, the system design should be reasonable in structure, advanced in technology and extensible; the accuracy of various parameters of the system should be high. Therefore, the design of the battery management system requires the following functions:
1) Real-time collection of battery information, including battery total voltage, single battery voltage, charge and discharge current and temperature parameters;
2) measuring and displaying the remaining power;
3) It can provide a data transmission interface to complete communication with the CAN bus part and the host computer;
4) The human-computer interaction function is good, the system is safe and reliable, and has strong anti-interference.
The battery management system block diagram is shown in Figure 1.
As can be seen in Figure 1, the lithium battery management system includes a 2-level control structure, which is a Central Electric Control Unit (CECU), a Local Electric Control Unit (LECU), a central processing module, and The local measurement module implements the communication connection in the form of a CAN bus. The structure of the battery management system is shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, the main function of the local measurement module is to charge the battery pack. The components include: data acquisition module (for data acquisition of current, voltage, temperature, etc.), equalization module, charging module, and power measurement module. The central processing module is mainly to manage the local measurement module, and use the CAN bus communication method to transmit control information and receive battery status information. This article only introduces some of the key modules.
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