Detailed explanation of key technologies of 4G network
China began to implement the major special project of "New Generation Broadband Wireless Mobile Communication Network". It can be seen from the implementation outline that the public communication network is still the leading industry of wireless mobile communication for a long period of time, and will still play a fundamental role in future wireless public information services. In the foreseeable future, the commercialization of public cellular mobile communication systems will be upgraded from existing 3G and its enhanced HSPA to 3G evolution technologies (LTE and UMB) around 2011, and will develop to around 2015 4G technology. Since the standardized time interval between E3G and 4G is short, the coordinated development of E3G and 4G should be considered.
It is foreseeable that during the implementation of the "New Generation Broadband Wireless Mobile Communication Network" major special project, the new generation broadband cellular mobile communication network will be mainly used, as well as the broadband wireless access system, short-distance interconnection system and self-organization The wireless network forms a converged and ubiquitous new generation broadband wireless mobile communication network. For 4G networks, we need to focus on the research and development of key technology testing and verification, relay technology, distributed networking technology, and spectrum sharing technology.
1 Key technology test verification
Demand: The test platform and field environment are indispensable components in the research and development process of each wireless communication technology. In the international 3G / B3G / 4G R & D process, the establishment of test sites / platforms to accelerate the process of technical standardization, Accelerate the speed of technology maturity and strengthen the right to speak in the market. At present, no matter whether it is the urgent need for standardized technology evaluation or the technology upgrade needs of operators to expand future mobile communication applications, China needs to quickly establish an open 4G key technology that directly serves industry-university-research-technology innovation Public test verification platform.
Solution: The 4G public test verification platform needs to meet the independent research and development needs of China's 4G key technologies. It consists of a general test verification platform with open flexibility and reconfiguration capabilities, as well as laboratory and field test verification environments. It can support 4G peak transmission rate, multi-band, multi-bandwidth, and large dynamic business range wireless communication tests, support 4G various technologies and prototype system test tests in research and development, and refine the test evaluation specifications representing China's independent intellectual property technology. Enhancing the quality, importance and competitiveness of these technical solutions paves the way for China ’s independent research and development of key technologies to become the core technology of international mobile communications standards, and provides the necessary, sufficient and effective support for China ’s independent intellectual property rights.
2 Relay technology
Demand: In order to obtain more spectrum resources and avoid interference with other wireless systems, future mobile communication systems will work more in higher frequency bands. To combat the harsh wireless propagation environment, more base stations or deployments are required Repeater and other enhancement technologies to ensure effective coverage. The former has higher CAPEX and OPEX, while the latter has potential drawbacks that the interference signal is amplified together, which leads to the reduction of system capacity. In contrast, wireless multi-hop relay technology can use relay station (RS) forwarding to improve signal transmission quality, extend coverage to areas other than conventional cells and other coverage blind areas, and effectively improve user throughput, especially cells The throughput of edge users.
Solution: In order to meet the technical indicators proposed by 4G, wireless multi-hop relay (MulTI-hopRelay) technology will become an important technical means to effectively improve coverage and increase system capacity. Academia and industry have conducted extensive research on this technology, and standardization work has also made substantial progress. At present, IEEE802.16m (WiMAX evolution technology) has clearly supported the relay technology, and many manufacturers and operators have also identified it as one of the important technical solutions for performance improvement in the discussion of 3GPP LTE-Ad-vanced. In view of the important position and potential commercial value of multi-hop relays in future networks, it is necessary to focus on the study of multi-hop relay technology in 4G, so that future wireless networks can meet the increasing high data rates, high spectrum efficiency, and extensive Coverage and full business support capabilities and many other requirements.
3 Distributed networking technology
Demand: The tightness of the spectrum will determine to a large extent that the future mobile communication system will more or less need to adopt distributed networking technology. In wireless AdHoc networks and Mesh networks, distributed networking technology is mainly used. In the Relay Enhanced Cellular (REC) system, at least part of the distributed networking technology must be used.
Solution: China's research on distributed antennas is in an advanced position in the world. However, in the key technologies of distributed networking, further efforts are needed. At present, international research in this field is still very weak, and very few practical technologies are available. For example, in the IEEE802.16 (WiMAX) standard, tight meshing and loose coupling are only defined in general for how to mesh in the Mesh mode, but it is difficult to have a specific solution. We must try to change the centralized control mode of traditional mobile communication systems to resolve increasingly complex network optimization problems into distributed information interaction and collaborative optimization problems between basic interconnected units, so as to provide high frequency and massive The development of digital access provides a whole new way. This effort is also in line with the goal of flattening mobile communication networks.
4 Spectrum sharing technology
Demand: The limited nature of spectrum resources has aroused more and more attention to its utilization efficiency. At the same time, wireless transmission technology itself is constantly developing towards the direction of high spectrum utilization, and the technology and mechanism of spectrum resource sharing among heterogeneous wireless communication systems between different systems is another important effort to greatly improve spectrum utilization. It can effectively solve the bottleneck of spectrum demand that restricts the future development of broadband wireless communication from a higher level. At present, relevant research in the world is very active, and the standardization work on spectrum sensing sharing and cognitive radio (CogniTIveRadio) technology represented by IEEE802.22 is in full swing. Therefore, the development of wireless communication technologies and systems with spectrum sensing and dynamic sharing and capabilities is one of the main development efforts of wireless communication systems in the future. Spectrum sharing technology will also become one of the key supporting technologies for 4G systems.
Solution: The research of spectrum sharing technology involves two different modes of Underlay and Overlay, of which Underlay mainly uses ultra-wideband (UWB) technology to simultaneously use the spectrum, and Overlay mainly focuses on pin-splitting spectrum utilization. In addition, it is necessary to study the spectrum sharing of heterogeneous networks under the same operator and the spectrum sharing between different operators. The former mainly depends on the scheduling of spectrum resources, while the latter involves mechanisms such as spectrum competition and auctions. (GameTheory) perspective. At present, the most typical entry point is to use the gap frequency band of broadcast television for wireless communication.
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