Talk about the understanding of power amplifier and speaker matching
About the matching understanding between amplifier and speaker
For the matching problem between the amplifier and the sound, in addition to the soft matching of the sound (the sound is often said to be soft and hard, it is based on the designer's design and materials for the tone, but has the characteristics and personality) and some techniques. A hard match on the indicator. Soft collocation is based on experience accumulation and personal hobbies, and hard collocation is based on data and basic technical common sense. The following is a brief description of the problem of hard matching.
   First, impedance matching
1. When the tube amp (amplifier) ​​is matched with the speaker, the output impedance of the amplifier should be equal to the impedance of the speaker, otherwise the output power and distortion will be reduced. Fortunately, most amplifiers have variable output impedance matching interfaces such as 4-8-16 ohms, and the impedance matching with the speaker has become simpler.
2 , for the matching of transistor amplifier (stone machine) and speaker impedance
   1 When the impedance of the speaker is higher than the output impedance of the power amplifier, there is no other influence except the output power is reduced to a different extent.
   2 When the speaker impedance is lower than the output impedance of the power amplifier, the output power will increase proportionally, and the distortion will generally not increase or increase a little. Speaker impedance matching but not too low, as low as 2 ohms (4 ohm speaker when two parallel fingers), then only the wealthy large power amplifier, high power and good performance using the multi-tube parallel push-pull tube and, in general There is no impact on such a power amplifier. On the contrary, the general power amplifier is not rich, and the Pcm and L cm of the power amplifier tube are not large. When the volume is turned on, the distortion will increase significantly, and the serious opportunity will destroy the box and pay attention.
   Second, power matching
1. In principle, when the rated power of the speaker is inconsistent with the rated power of the power amplifier, for the power amplifier, its power is only related to the impedance of the speaker, and has nothing to do with the rated power of the speaker. No matter whether the power of the speaker and the power of the power amplifier are the same, it has no effect on the work of the power amplifier, but it is only related to the safety of the sound box itself.
2. If the impedance of the speaker meets the matching requirements and the power is less than the power of the amplifier, the power is sufficient and it sounds very comfortable. This is often said that the power reserve of the power amplifier should be large, in order to fully express the full connotation of music, especially the low frequency part of music, the performance is more vivid and powerful. This is a good match.
3. If the rated impedance of the speaker is greater than the rated power of the amplifier, although both can work safely, the power amplifier does not drive enough power, and the loudness is insufficient. It often appears to be saturated, the distortion is intensified, and still feel The power is not in the heart. This is a poor match.
   Third, match by damping coefficient
1. For the selection of a pair of Hi-Fi speakers, there should be the best specific resistance requirements (responsible speaker manufacturers should provide this data, referring to the requirements of the damping coefficient of the power amplifier. It is clear that if you want to match This speaker requires the damping coefficient of the amplifier to be matched. Under normal circumstances, the damping coefficient of the power amplifier is a little higher. When the damping coefficient of the low-level power amplifier is less than 10 , the low-frequency characteristics, output characteristics, and high-order harmonic characteristics of the speaker will deteriorate. (The damping of household amplifiers is generally between tens and hundreds.)
   Fourth, the matching of wire
   Imported fever lines, nerve lines, total forests, up to 10,000 yuan, followed by thousands to thousands of dollars, (of course, there are also less than 100 yuan), the effect is a matter of opinion. A good wire will generally improve the lack of a certain department in the audio equipment. Its transmission theory is too complicated to say and can only be described briefly. The material and structure of the transmission line determine three important parameters, namely resistance, capacitance, inductance (also electromagnetic effect, skin effect, proximity effect, reactance, etc.). If you look at the small gap between these parameters, it will directly affect the audio system frequency. Features, damping characteristics , signal rate, phase accuracy, and tone orientation and sound field localization. Its main functions are high-speed transmission (to minimize signal loss), anti-vibration, anti-noise, anti-interference (mainly radio wave RFl radio frequency interference and EM 1 electromagnetic interference).
   The view on the wire is:
1 , certainly useful, but should be used with caution (refer to the grade of the equipment, the equipment below the mid-range should not be high-grade million-level line)
2 , can not be used, play audio must not be wiring materials, (first, consider the contact is good, the second is to ensure the basic performance, recommended bus price (audio and video signal lines, speaker lines, power lines) controlled within 600-100 yuan)
3 , the theoretical effect, greater than the actual use of the effect, (playing a good line is not easy)
4 , its actual performance is not proportional to the price, (upgrading wire is often not as good as upgrading equipment)
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