Principle and Implementation of Intelligent Energy Saving Socket
With the rapid development of the Internet of Things, the energy-saving socket products have been extended to the smart home field, and the energy-saving sockets have developed toward the intelligent direction. Intelligent energy-saving sockets have emerged. Compared with the ordinary energy-saving sockets, the smart sockets have a WIFI module. The mobile phone connected to the network can receive the opening and closing commands, and the switch to connect the electric appliance by cutting off the power supply can not only help you remotely turn off the electrical appliances in the home, but also can open in advance.
First, the smart socket solution main chip HLW8012
The HLW8012 provides a highly accurate and cost-effective energy measurement solution for socket manufacturers and smart home manufacturers. Designed for residential single-phase energy meters or smart sockets, the integrated chip accurately measures current RMS IRMS and voltage rms VRMS, active power and power.
Internal structure of HLW8012
The internal structure of the HLW8012 is shown in Figure 1. It consists of 2 programmable gain amplifiers, 2 delta-sigma modulators, matched high-speed filters, power calculation, power monitoring, serial interface and corresponding function registers. Two programmable amplifiers collect voltage and current data, and the delta-sigma modulator processes the analog quantity, filters the available voltage and current digital signals, and uses the calculated power value, voltage rms value and current RMS value by pulse indication. Output.
Second, the chip HLW8012 working principle
The HLW8012's V1P and V1N pins input a current signal wave. The current channel integrates a fixed gain amplifier that allows a maximum differential input signal of ±43.75mV. The voltage channel allows a maximum input signal of ±700mV. The HLW8012 can measure current with a low-cost manganese-copper sampling resistor or current transformer, and use a voltage divider resistor or voltage transformer to measure the voltage. The pulse output frequency of the chip is proportional to the amount of function.
Third, the main features of HLW8012
· High-frequency pulse CF, indicating active power, meets the accuracy requirements of the 50/60Hz IEC 687/1036 standard, achieving an accuracy of ±0.2% over a range of 1000:1.
· The high-frequency pulse CF1 can be configured as an output current rms or voltage rms value, achieving an accuracy of ±0.5% over a range of 500:1.
· Built-in power monitoring circuit, when the power supply voltage is as low as 4V, the chip enters the reset state.
· Built-in 2.43V voltage reference source.
· 5V single power supply, operating current is less than 3mA.
· SOP8 package
Figure 2 is a functional block diagram of the intelligent energy-saving socket, which is composed of a power module, a main controller module, a power signal acquisition circuit, and a wireless communication module. The picture shows the functional block diagram of the intelligent energy-saving socket, which consists of a power module, a main controller module, a power signal acquisition circuit, and a wireless communication module. The main controller is NE24's 9234. To eliminate the serial communication baud rate error, the crystal is set to 11.0592M. The power supply part adopts AC-DC circuit, which is changed from 220V to 12V, and then converted into 5V by the voltage regulator chip to the main control MCU NEC9234, and the power metering IC HLW8012 and the relay provide power. Since most of the current wireless modules use a 3.3V working power supply, the 5V power supply needs to be stepped down to 3.3V by DC-DC, and then provided to the WIFI wireless module, such as a time switch, an overload alarm, and the like.
Functional block diagram of intelligent energy saving socket
1 power circuit
Smart socket power circuit
There are two ways of power supply circuit. One way is to convert AC 220V into 12V power supply by AC-DC. With SY50103 chip, it can provide 1A current and ripple control within 100mV. The advantage of the switching power supply is that the power is small, the conversion efficiency is high, and the volume is small, and it is suitable for being placed in a small-sized socket. The circuit diagram of the switching power supply is shown in the figure below: The relay uses 12V 10A relay, and the cost of 12V relay is lower than that of 5V relay. Since the main controller and the energy metering IC need to provide 5V power supply, and the wireless WIFI module is powered by 3.3V power supply, after the 12V power supply comes out, it is divided into two ways, one using the voltage regulator chip 78L05, and the power supply is reduced to 5V, The MCU and HLW8012 provide power; the other uses a DC-DC chip that converts 12V to 3.3V to power the wireless module.
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