Wireless monitoring application scheme for pollution sources based on Internet of Things
I. Overview
As the technical department of the environmental protection system, the environmental monitoring department is an important foundation for environmental management. With the increase of citizens' environmental awareness, more and more people are beginning to care about the quality of their environment and require environmental protection work to be transparent. The higher authorities also need a large number, variety and fast update information. All of this has raised a question for the environmental monitoring department: how to establish an environmentally-friendly data acquisition system with strong practicability, wide coverage and good flexibility to meet the needs of all parties facing environmental monitoring information. The rapid development of GPRS/CDMA/EDGE wireless networks provides a good solution for environmental monitoring.
Second, the system composition
In an environmental protection system, it is often necessary to perform real-time monitoring of a large number of pollution discharge points, and most of the monitoring data needs to be sent to the back-end server of the management center for processing in real time. Due to the scattered monitoring points and wide distribution range, most of them are located in the harsh environment. It is often half the effort to transmit data over the telephone line. Data transmission through the GPRS/CDMA/EDGE wireless network has become one of the communication means selected by the environmental protection department. The pollution source monitoring equipment can simultaneously transmit the collected pollution data and alarm information to a plurality of environmental protection monitoring departments through the GPRS/CDMA/EDGE wireless network to realize timely management of the pollutant discharge unit or individual, and can greatly improve the work efficiency of the environmental protection department.
The wireless network environmental protection monitoring system is mainly composed of three parts: environmental monitoring terminal system, wireless data transmission network platform, and environmental monitoring and management center system.
Monitoring terminal system: It consists of various water pollution monitors, air pollution monitors, noise pollution monitors and wireless transmission terminal equipment.
Wireless data transmission network platform: wireless public network, such as GPRS, CDMA1X or EDGE network platform.
Environmental monitoring and management center system: network communication server, real-time database server and user control operation interface.
2.1 Monitoring terminal
The monitoring instrument is directly connected to the wireless terminal device through RS232/RS485, and a wireless data connection is established by it. In principle, all environmental monitoring devices that provide RS232/485 interfaces, such as sewage flow meters, COD (oxygen content) / BOD (bio-oxygen consumption) measuring instruments, can be used for this system solution.
2.2 Data Center Access Method
2.2.1 Private line access
　 2.2.2 ADSL dial-up connection (dynamic public IP address)
2.2.3 Connecting through a fixed public IP address
2.3 Data transmission mode
2.3.1 Always online mode
2.3.2 Timed transmission mode
2.3.3 Center Call Mode (Rolling Way)
2.3.4 Data Trigger Mode
2.4 Communication Module (H7710 GPRS/CDMA DTU)
Main functions: support PPP protocol, TCP/IP protocol, UDP/IP protocol
Transparent data transmission and protocol conversion
Support virtual data private network
SIM card special function configuration
Short message data alternate channel (optional)
Software upgrade via Xmodem protocol
Support for in-flight software upgrades and remote maintenance (optional)
Automatically detect network connection status
Automatic disconnection, device self-diagnosis, self-recovery
Anti-interference design, suitable for application requirements with harsh electromagnetic environment
Moisture-proof design for outdoor applications
2.5 Monitoring Center MC System Software
The monitoring center server applies to configure a fixed IP address on the Internet, or applies for a dedicated line, and directly connects to the GPRS network of the mobile center computer room through a data line such as optical fiber or DDN. Install the relevant monitoring system software on the monitoring center server. The monitoring system software includes four parts: a communication server, a monitoring center server, a database server, and a WEB server.
The communication server is responsible for implementing functions such as industry data communication protocol, data agent forwarding, and communication device status monitoring;
The monitoring center server implements functions such as data analysis, storage, and back control;
The database server performs data storage and backup;
The WEB server implements real-time monitoring, data management, and business management functions.
In specific implementation, the communication server, the monitoring center server, the database server, and the WEB server may be installed in one server or may be installed in different servers.
2.5.1 TCP/UDP Communication Function of Monitoring Center MC
2.5.2 MC Forwarding Local Serial Port Communication Function (Supporting Actual Serial Port and Virtual Serial Port)
Third, summary
Many human activities emit harmful substances into natural and artificial environments such as the atmosphere, water bodies and soils, causing environmental pollution. Some changes in nature also affect the quality of the environment. It is necessary to establish a complete environmental monitoring system. Environmental protection monitoring is to conduct qualitative and quantitative tests on pollution source discharge and environmental conditions in accordance with various environmental standards on pollution prevention and protection of environmental quality, and to provide evidence for scientific research, decision-making, legislation, handling of pollution accidents and environmental supervision and management.
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