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There are many factors that plague the safe use of fire elevators, mainly in the following aspects:

First, the factors affecting the reliable use of fire elevators:

(1) Fire elevators are vulnerable to fire damage. 1. Fire-fighting elevator rooms are generally located at the top of the building. According to the requirements of the standard, from the perspective of the safety of the machine room, independent fire compartment treatment is required. However, in fact, due to the gap between the cable and the air duct through the wall, the fire door cannot be kept normally closed. In the case of fire, the heart equipment of the elevator is highly susceptible to high temperature, causing paralysis. 2. The hoistway of the fire elevator is not set independently according to the specifications. However, some fire elevators and passenger elevators use the hoistway without effective fire separation. Because the passenger elevator does not have the requirements of the fire front room, it is vulnerable to fire damage, which will affect the "neighbors", resulting in the fire elevator can not be used normally. 3. The cables supplying the power supply of the fire elevator are generally discharged from the strong electric shaft of the building to the top, and then discharged into the elevator machine room by the bridge. Despite the use of fire-resistant cables, there is a certain degree of fire resistance, but it is difficult to maintain normal power supply permanently in the event of a building fire.

(2) Fire elevators are vulnerable to smoke. 1. There is no effective fire separation in the front room of the fire elevator, mainly because the walls of the front room have holes and the fire doors cannot be kept closed. 2. The mechanical pressurized air supply system in the front room of the fire elevator failed to function effectively. Generally, the front room of the fire elevator has no natural ventilation and lighting, and a mechanical pressurized air supply system is needed to prevent the smoke from entering. However, due to the fact that the front room fire door cannot be guaranteed to be closed in the event of a fire, the mechanical positive pressure air supply failure, and the improper placement of the mechanically pressurized air supply port to generate eddy currents, the piston effect of the elevator car, etc., may cause harmful The smoke invaded the front room of the fire elevator. 3. There is no effective fire separation between the fire elevator engine room and other elevator machine rooms. Because of the different fire and smoke prevention requirements of the non-fire elevator, due to the effect of the car piston effect, it is easy to suck the smoke into the elevator machine room and then from the engine room. Inhaling the fire elevator shaft and entering the fire elevator car, endangering personal safety.

(3) The technology of fire elevators is still difficult to fully ensure its safe use. 1. The fire elevator itself has no waterproof function, which is a worldwide problem. The control panel of the fire elevator does not have the waterproof function, and all the building fires must use a lot of water to save the fire. Even if the water retaining facilities are provided according to the current specifications, the fire elevator is difficult to adhere to in the fire fighting process. 2. The control method of fire elevators has not been unified. Since there is no uniform standard in the country, some fire elevators have fire-fighting start-up buttons for firefighting, and some have to be activated by special-purpose key to achieve the same function. After some special buttons are activated, the car is automatically forced to the first floor. The door is opened, the internal button is available for firefighters, the external floor button is automatically disabled, and some fire elevators are activated, the fire elevator can still be used normally, and the car can be used without being lowered to the first floor or the external floor. To the use of fire elevators. 3. The fire elevator itself has no reliable safety performance. Most of the fire elevators currently in use do not have a fall arrest function, and there is no emergency escape port in the car. There are many reasons for the above problems. There are standard problems, technical problems, and more design, construction, and management issues. Any omissions or disconnections in the link will affect the reliable use of fire elevators.

Second, several methods to improve the reliability of fire elevators should be improved from the following aspects in accordance with the principle of being used and used for reliability.

(1) Revise and improve the technical standards of fire-fighting elevators, improve the reliability of fire-fighting elevators themselves, 1. Define the technical standards of fire-fighting elevators, unify the control procedures, clarify the priority of fire-fighting special functions, and unify the fire-specific start button on the first floor as the fire-fighting function switch . 2. For the waterproof problem of fire elevators, the corresponding technical requirements can be put forward on the basis of investigation and investigation, in order to gradually develop towards the waterproof elevator. 3. Add the parallel function of the fire elevator in case of power failure (the elevator car automatically opens the door at the nearest floor), set the anti-drop function by mechanical means and add an emergency escape port on the top of the elevator car to ensure the failure of the fire elevator. Under the staff, people can safely escape from the car.

(2) Adjusting the relevant requirements of the current building design fire prevention regulations so that the fire elevator can have a safe operating environment. 1. Improve the smoke prevention design of the fire elevator. At present, the specification emphasizes the positive pressure air supply in the front chamber of the fire elevator to improve the air pressure in the front chamber to prevent the entry of smoke. Due to the position of the positive pressure air supply opening and the difficulty of maintaining the normally closed fire door, the actual smoke prevention effect of this method is not necessarily ideal. The effect of air supply and pressure through the fire elevator shaft may be more ideal, and the effect of preventing the smoke from entering the front chamber and the car should be more obvious. 2. Strengthen the blocking and drainage capacity of the front room of the fire elevator. Although the specification already has requirements for this, it has not been successfully applied in engineering. Because the fire saves a lot of water, it is easy to cause water to flow into the elevator and affect the use. Therefore, the front room of the fire elevator should be emphasized. There must be a certain water slope at the elevator door to the door. At the same time, a drainage trough should be added at the elevator entrance. The water should be drained to the collecting well through a special drainage pipe in the elevator shaft to effectively prevent the flow of water into the fire elevator. 3. Improve the laying method of fire elevator cables. The cable laid in the current mode is vulnerable to fire. The fire elevator cable can be directly connected to the elevator room from the lower distribution room by its hoistway to reduce the threat of fire to the cable. 4. Appropriately reduce the conditions for building fire elevators. Because the fire elevators really want to function, their installation requirements are quite high, and the cities with relatively high-rise buildings are equipped with fire-fighting climbers of about 45 meters. In order to reduce construction costs, it is recommended to set the standards for fire-fighting elevators. 32 meters to 45 meters, or even higher.

(3) Increasing the construction quality of fire elevators and the operation management of fire elevators. At work, we often find that fire elevators cannot be used normally due to inadequate construction and management. Therefore, on the one hand, there must be practical and effective standards. On the one hand, we must also increase the construction quality and operation management of fire elevators.

(4) Strengthening the training of firefighters in using fire elevators and escaping in emergency situations. Because the structure of fire elevators and the operation methods of fire protection functions are not the same, it is very necessary to train firefighters in this area. A lesson to ensure that firefighters can escape smoothly from life safety threats in an emergency.