1. Virtual instrument technology
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1. Introduction to virtual instrument technology
The Virtual Instrument was first proposed by the National Instrument in the 1980s. He is a computer-based software and hardware testing platform, which is the product of deep integration of computer technology and modern instrument technology. In a virtual instrument system, hardware is the physical platform on which the entire system works. It is used to establish a connection path between signals and computers to form a computer I/O interface. Software is the soul of the entire virtual instrument hardware system. Users can communicate with the virtual instrument hardware system through the interface interface generated by the software design. The data acquisition, analysis, processing and display functions of the virtual instrument can only be realized through software. The virtual instrument combines the general purpose computer with the instrument hardware through the application program, and combines the measurement and control capabilities of the computer resources and the instrument hardware in a transparent manner, and analyzes and processes the data through software, expresses and displays with a friendly graphical interface. come out. The emergence of virtual instruments has been hailed as a revolutionary new era in the instrument industry.
2. Virtual instrument design and development
Because the application software realizes the communication between the virtual instrument and the user, it can provide a friendly user interface, powerful data acquisition and processing functions, and it is a key factor in realizing the function of the virtual instrument. Therefore, the convenience of designing a user-friendly, powerful virtual instrument software is directly related to the realization of instrument functions and the performance of the instrument. At present, the development of virtual instruments uses Lab Windows CVI, LabVIEW, etc., which are introduced by National Instruments. They use the most popular graphical programming environment, which includes common user interface properties such as menus and headers, as well as instrument application interface properties such as switches, sliders, and digital display windows.
The design method and implementation steps of the virtual instrument are basically the same as the design method and implementation steps of the general software, except that the hardware part should be considered in the design of the virtual instrument. The virtual instrument design method mainly includes the following three parts:
(1) Design of the IO interface instrument driver;
(2) The design of the instrument panel;
(3) Design of instrument function algorithm.
3. Virtual instrument technology in automotive engineering
With the booming of the automotive industry, there are more and more electrical equipment for vehicles, from engine control to transmission control, from driving, braking, steering system control to safety assurance systems and instrumentation alarm systems, from power management to comfort. The various efforts made the automotive electrical system form a complex large system. Hyundai has gradually evolved into a mobile PC network system. Using virtual instrument technology, we can easily simulate various automotive electrical equipment and develop various electronic control units for vehicles. With this technology, we don't have to design the hardware directly, but rather develop the principle of hardware functions through virtual technology. This not only shortens development time but also reduces development costs. On the other hand, the increasingly complex modern electric vehicle system, if the traditional hardware measuring equipment is used, not only increases the number of equipment, but also increases the workload of inspection, and the flexibility of each hardware device is not strong and the cost is too high. Using virtual instrument technology, we can integrate various data acquisition devices into the computer, implement various data reading and signal analysis processing through software, and finally display the results. In this way, the workload of detection can be greatly reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the detection function integration suitable for the vehicle model can be flexibly developed.
Virtual test technology
1. Introduction to virtual test technology
The combination of scientific experiments and theoretical research is a distinctive feature of modern science and technology. The theory needs the test and verification of the experiment. The experiment needs the guidance of the theory. The two depend on each other and complement each other. Any theory can only be established after scientific experiments have been confirmed. In engineering technology, any successful product is a combination of design and testing. The design process is the test process, and the test runs through the entire design work. Any design ideas and theoretical calculations are tested without trial. In many complex engineering and technical problems, testing is often an effective way to solve problems.
Broadly speaking, any method and technique that does not use or partially use actual hardware to construct a test environment and perform actual physical tests can be referred to as a virtual test. A virtual experiment can be defined as an experiment conducted in a virtual environment. The virtual test environment is a simulation test system based on software engineering, which allows the designer to install the virtual prototype on it for testing. With interactive technology and experimental analysis technology, the designer can run the product at the design stage. Conduct an evaluation or experience. Or the virtual test is to use software to replace some hardware or all hardware in the computer system to build a variety of virtual test environments, so that the tester can complete the various test projects as in the real environment, so that the test results obtained Close to or equal to the effect achieved in the real environment.
Computer simulation opens up a whole new solution for scientific experimentation. Computer simulation is a test method that uses computer to simulate the mathematical model of the test object, and obtains a test method for the regularity of the physical prototype system. It makes the virtual test enter the digitization stage. The simulation test process performed by the computer is both computational and logical judgment. However, due to the advantages of the computer in memory and computing speed, computer simulation experiments can handle experiments in some complex systems and nonlinear systems. The powerful information processing power and powerful computing power of the computer make the scope of virtual experiment gradually shift from simple research to complexity research, from qualitative research to quantitative research.
A further development of computer simulation is Virtual Reality Test (VR). Virtual reality is a computer system that artificially creates and experiences virtual worlds. It has three important characteristics: high immersion, credibility and interactivity. Using virtual reality technology, you can
Conveniently create a virtual test environment on the computer, perform various performance tests and tests on the tested products; act on people through human visual, auditory, tactile, etc., so that people can have an immersive feeling and make the tester Various predetermined test items can be completed as in a real environment.
The virtual test system can not only be used as a preliminary preparation for the real test, but also can replace the traditional test to some extent. It has the following advantages over traditional trials:
(1) The number of prototype manufacturing tests can be greatly reduced, the test cycle of new products can be shortened, and the actual test costs can be reduced.
(2) The application of virtual test technology in the development of complex products can realize mutual feedback of designers and product users in the design stage, so that designers can absorb all aspects and adopt suggestions for new products.
(3) The virtual test technology replaces the actual test, realizing that the test is not limited by the venue, time and number, and the test process can be played back, reproduced and repeated.
2. Application of virtual test technology in the automotive industry
The continuous development of computer technology and the continuous improvement of hardware performance have promoted the application of virtual test in vehicle engineering. In 1972, General Motors developed the GPSIM, a general predictive program for vehicle dynamics and fuel economy. This program simulates the instantaneous fuel consumption, accumulated fuel consumption, travel time and distance of a car under any operating conditions, and predicts vehicle design parameters. Such as: quality, transmission ratio, air resistance coefficient and other changes on the performance of the car. The virtual environment laboratory of the University of North Carolina has carried out research on the virtual environment of vehicle drivers and has strong engineering applicability. The ADAMS software developed by MDI of the United States is a good platform for constructing virtual prototypes of products. The CAR module is a complete vehicle virtual package developed by MDI in cooperation with companies such as Audi, BMW, Renault and Volvo. Experience in automotive design, development, etc. With this module, engineers can quickly build high-precision vehicle prototypes (including body, suspension, transmission, engine, steering, braking, etc.) and simulate them, visually displaying them in various testers through high-speed animation. Under conditions (eg weather, road conditions, driver experience) vehicle dynamics response, output of Peugeot steering stability, braking, ride comfort and safety characteristics parameters, thereby reducing the dependence on the physical prototype. The VTL (Virtual Test Lab) system is a virtual test system developed by Mecha NIcal Test System of the United States. By installing virtual sensors on products or components, and installing virtual prototypes in different test environments, once the virtual model It is determined that the test can be repeated and the design is repeatedly modified according to the virtual test results to obtain the best design.
Compared with developed countries in the West, domestic research units in virtual trials are mainly concentrated in universities. The State Key Laboratory of Automotive Dynamic Simulation of Jilin University conducted a systematic analysis of the hybrid anti-lock braking system (ABS) simulation test bench, and established a vehicle model for hardware-in-the-loop simulation, tire model, pavement simulation and ABS hydraulic system model. And carried out a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test. It embeds the actual components of ABS into the software environment for hybrid simulation, greatly expanding the functions of software simulation, and providing development tools and test platforms for ABS product development.
Conclusion
Hyundai has developed into an intelligent network computing platform. The vehicle network runs through the vehicle's control system, information system, driving system and sensory execution system. With the continuous development of the automotive electronics industry, the automotive industry is no longer a single mechanical manufacturing. According to relevant data, in the future automotive manufacturing, electronic products will account for nearly 50% of the process and cost. The development and testing of related electronic products will also develop rapidly. Virtual instrument technology and virtual test technology will play an increasingly important role in automotive engineering because of its low cost, high efficiency, flexibility and reliability.
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