Stepper motor drive method - Solutions - Huaqiang Electronic Network

Single chip microcomputer STM32L151CCU6

Mobile phone crystal 3.2*2.5mm 3225 26M (26.000MHZ) 7.5PF 10PPM 20PPM 30PPM

Photocoupler

The common driving method of the stepping motor is full voltage driving, that is, the rated voltage is applied when the motor moves and locks. In order to prevent overcurrent of the motor and improve the drive characteristics, a current limiting resistor is required. Since the current limiting resistor consumes a large amount of power when the stepping motor locks the step, the current limiting resistor has a large power capacity, and the switching tube also has a high load capacity.
Another driving method of the stepping motor is high and low voltage driving, that is, when the motor moves, the voltage is rated or exceeds the rated value, so that the motor can be quickly moved under a large current driving; , then add a voltage lower than the rated value, only let the motor winding flow through the current value required for the lock step. In this way, the power consumption of the current limiting resistor can be reduced, and the running speed of the motor can be improved, but the circuit of the driving method is complicated.
The assignment of the drive pulses can be done using a hardware method, ie with a pulse splitter. Pulse distributors are now standardized and chipped and are available on the market. However, the hardware method is complicated in structure and high in cost.
Stepper motor control (including control pulse generation and distribution) can also be implemented using a software method, ie, with a microcontroller, which simplifies the circuit and reduces cost. The single-chip microcomputer is used to drive the stepping motor in software mode. Not only can the speed of the stepping motor, the angle of the reciprocating rotation and the number of rotations be freely set within a certain range by programming method, but also the operation of the stepping motor can be conveniently and flexibly controlled. Status to meet the requirements of different users. Therefore, the single-chip stepper motor control circuit is often referred to as a programmable stepper motor driver.