Substation integrated automation system

The integrated automation system of substation integrates protection, monitoring, control, signal, management and motion, and completely replaces the multi-computer automation coefficient of the conventional secondary equipment of the substation.

Features (1) The integrated automation system of the substation is established and developed on the basis of modern microcomputer and microelectronic technology, data communication technology and application software technology. The information flow of the integrated system is digital data information, which replaces the analog information of the secondary system. (2) Under the premise of comprehensive utilization of local information resources (analog, switch, pulse, etc.) to reduce and optimize the monitoring and protection of system hardware, the integrated automation system not only replaces the traditional secondary equipment and functions, but also provides A variety of functions such as man-machine dialogue, operation screen monitoring, intelligent operation management, RTU and communication, and enhanced the overall function of the substation. (3) The operation of the equipment and the fault state are screened, and the on-duty personnel face the large-screen display to carry out comprehensive monitoring and operation of all equipment of the substation. For example, the CRT screen is used to display the main wiring operation status in real time; the CRT cursor operation is used to complete the circuit breaker tripping operation; the CRT screen flashing, text prompting and alarm sound are used to replace the conventional central signal board and the control panel related equipment, etc. Provides convenient and intuitive monitoring conditions. (4) Operation management is intelligent and automated. On the one hand, the intelligent automation function is manifested in event sequence recording, automatic report, automatic recording, accident identification and processing, etc. Further intelligentization can construct various expert systems, perform fault diagnosis, prevent misoperation, and alarm signal processing. And other special tasks. These have created good conditions for unattended and power system information. (5) The reliability and accuracy of the integrated automation system are greatly improved. It relies on various anti-jamming and digital filtering technologies and redundancy technologies, especially online self-test and self-diagnosis technology, which can timely diagnose and discover the hardware of each component of the system or The failure of the software and the alarm to the main control terminal make the reliability much higher than that of the conventional secondary line system. The calculation of the digital quantity control and the protection action value is strictly performed according to the mathematical model, which greatly improves the accuracy of control, protection and detection.

The basic composition of the integrated automation system of composition and structure mode is shown in the following figure. It is the subsystem of data acquisition, control and microcomputer protection of the main equipment and line of the main equipment and the human-machine contact equipment (substation level) monitored by the substation. Device layer), an integrated hierarchical distributed control system composed of bus or local area network (LAN) interconnect communication, and networked with the telecontrol dispatching center to perform all control, monitoring, central signal, protection, and remote control of the substation And communication, management and other functions. Among them, each component subsystem and monitoring host can also be operated separately to perform their own functions.

Schematic diagram of the integrated automation system of the substation

According to the role and status of the integrated automation of the traction substation in the overall monitoring and control hierarchy of the power supply system, and the different automation management functions, the integrated automation system structure mode can be divided into the following two types.

The integrated automation system of the substation with tiered, distributed structure and centralized grouping is controlled by layered control. The whole system is divided into three layers. The first layer is the analog quantity, switching quantity and pulse quantity data acquisition and processing, control operation exit. And a plurality of microcomputer protection subsystems; the second layer is a communication processing unit, which communicates with the various processing machines of the first layer, communicates with the dispatch center through the Modem, and communicates with the upper monitoring host, and the first and second layers are hung. On the bus or local area network bus, the communication medium can adopt control cable or optical cable, the latter has the best anti-electromagnetic interference performance, but the price is the highest; the third layer is the substation monitoring host (can be dual-machine), with CRT, printer, etc. Human-machine dialogue equipment. Subsystems such as control and protection of the equipment layer are concentrated on the control and protection screens in the main monitoring room. The integrated automation system can forward various information and statistical reports of the substation to the dispatch center through the communication processor, and also can accept various operation commands of the dispatch center, and the subsystems perform operations, thus having a telecontrol terminal (RTU) ) function. This kind of system is suitable for substation with small number of distribution spaces outside the house and close to the main control room of the distribution equipment inside and outside the house, that is, the occasion that the control cable consumes a small proportion of the total cost of the monitoring and protection system. .

The integrated automation system of the substation with distributed and distributed protection and scattered protection devices has a large number of 110kv~25kv incoming lines, a large area of ​​the outdoor distribution device, and a substation far from the main control room, saving Control cable and compression main control room building area, using control, protection devices and other "down", the dispersing device in the switchgear (10kv ~ 25kv) and outside the house (110kv ~ 220kv power distribution device) specially set up in the protective small room, is international A well-recognized structure, namely a hierarchical distributed structure and a comprehensive automation system that protects distributed configurations.

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