The scope of application of the oscilloscope and the principle of use
An oscilloscope is a widely used electronic measuring instrument. It can transform the electrical signals that are invisible to the naked eye into visible images, so that people can study the changes of various electrical phenomena. The oscilloscope uses a narrow beam of high-speed electrons to create a tiny spot on a phosphor-coated screen (this is how traditional analog oscilloscopes work). Under the action of the signal under test, the electron beam is like the tip of a pen, and the curve of the instantaneous value of the measured signal can be drawn on the screen. The oscilloscope can be used to observe waveforms of various signal amplitudes over time, and can also be used to test various types of power, such as voltage, current, frequency, phase difference, amplitude, and so on.
When the oscilloscope performs frequency measurement, the measurement accuracy is low and the error is large. The spectrum analyzer can accurately measure the frequency and display the spectrum of the signal under test, but the measurement speed is slow, and it is impossible to quickly and accurately track the change of the frequency of the signal under test. The illuminometer is precisely because the frequency meter can quickly and accurately capture the change of the frequency of the signal under test. Therefore, the frequency meter has a very wide range of applications.
1. In traditional manufacturing enterprises, frequency meters are widely used in the production test of production lines. The frequency meter can quickly capture the change of the crystal oscillator output frequency, and the user can quickly find the faulty crystal oscillator product by using the frequency meter to ensure the product quality.
2. In metrology laboratories, frequency meters are used to calibrate the local oscillators of various electronic measuring devices.
3. In the wireless communication test, the grounding resistance tester frequency meter can be used to calibrate the main clock of the wireless communication base station, and can also be used to analyze the frequency hopping signal and the frequency modulation signal of the radio station.
Basic composition of the oscilloscope
(1) Oscilloscope
The oscilloscope is a special type of electron tube and an important part of the oscilloscope. The oscilloscope consists of three parts: an electron gun, a deflection yoke and a fluorescent screen.
(2) Vertical deflection system
The vertical deflection system includes a vertical attenuator and a vertical amplifier. It attenuates or amplifies the vertical input signal to a certain amplitude, and outputs a push-pull signal to the vertical deflection plate of the oscilloscope tube so that the vertical deflection distance of the electron ray is proportional to the instantaneous value of the signal under test. Since the deflection sensitivity of the oscilloscope is very low, the general measured signal voltage is first amplified by the vertical amplification circuit and then applied to the vertical deflection plate of the oscilloscope tube to obtain an appropriately sized shape in the vertical direction.
(3) Horizontal deflection system
The horizontal deflection system externally triggers the input end through the trigger circuit, the scanning circuit, the horizontal amplifier to the horizontal deflection plate of the oscillating tube. The trigger circuit replaces the signal to be tested or the externally triggered input signal with a trigger pulse to start the scanning circuit. Since the deflection sensitivity of the oscilloscope in the horizontal direction is also very low, the voltage (sawtooth voltage or other voltage) connected to the horizontal deflection plate of the oscilloscope must be amplified by the horizontal amplifying circuit before being applied to the oscillating tube. Horizontally deflect the plate to get the proper size in the horizontal direction.
(4) Power supply circuit
The power supply consists of a high voltage power supply and a low voltage power supply to supply the DC voltage and filament voltage required for the oscillating tube and various components. A blanking and brightening circuit is used to transmit and amplify the highlight and blanking signals.
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