Quantum entanglement between 25 quantum interfaces is achieved for the first time
According to Tsinghua News, on April 20th, Professor Duan Luming’s research group of the Institute of Cross-Informatics of Tsinghua University published a report titled “25 Independently-Controlled Quantum Interfaces†in the “Science and Progress†of the journal Science. Entangled Experiment Implementation" research paper. The study for the first time achieved quantum entanglement among the 25 quantum interfaces, which was approximately six times the number of interfaces compared to the previous world record of entanglement between the four quantum interfaces maintained by the Caltech research group. This research result will have an important impact on the field of quantum information and was evaluated as "an important milestone in the process of constructing the first quantum network."
â–² Experimental setup for generating and verifying quantum entanglement between two-dimensional atomic ensemble quantum interface arrays
Quantum interfaces are used to realize the coherent transformation of quantum information between photons and storage particles (usually atoms), and are important interfaces between quantum memories or quantum computation units and optical quantum communication channels. Similar to the extensive application of classical interfaces, quantum interfaces are the basic components in the field of quantum information. Entanglement between quantum interfaces is a basic requirement for building quantum networks and the future of quantum networks. In quantum information science, photons have the fastest transmission speed and are the best carriers for transmitting quantum information. Atoms have a long quantum coherence time and are widely used for the storage of quantum information. The quantum interface connects the photons with the storage atoms and realizes efficient mutual conversion of quantum information between different carriers.
The demand for constructing quantum networks and quantum networks based on quantum communication is to solve the problems that traditional cable and fiber information transmission can be eavesdropped and eavesdrop undiscoverable defects, and to prevent traditional information encryption algorithms (such as the classic RSA public key encryption algorithm) The future can be quickly solved by the quantum computer. Quantum secure communication uses quantum key distribution technology to complete unconditionally secure key transmissions between communicating parties, enabling both parties to generate and share a completely random pair of keys. Quantum key distribution technology modulates information on a single quantum state of light, exploits the inseparability of single photons and the non-reproducibility of quantum states, so that any wire-tapping will cause irreversible perturbations to the quantum state to be discovered and avoided by the communicating parties. From the physical principles, it is ensured that the key cannot be eavesdropped and cannot be cracked. It can be widely used in many fields such as military, diplomacy, finance, and electric power to ensure network and information security.
Quantum networks will be able to create entanglement between any two users as needed, which will involve sending photons over fiber optic networks and satellite links. However, connecting users that are far apart requires a technique that expands the range of entanglement—the ability to relay between users along the midpoint. However, the construction of quantum networks and quantum networks not only needs to solve the long-distance entanglement of quantum, but also needs to increase the scope of quantum entanglement networks. This turns the prospect of quantum network construction into a system engineering problem. The solution to this problem needs to be more complicated. Quantum connectivity and relay solutions.
â–² Verification of Quantum Entanglement in 25 Atomic Quantum Quantum Interface Arrays
In 2001, Duan Luming and his collaborators proposed the famous DLCZ (Duan-Lukin-Cirac-Zoller) quantum relay scheme. It is proposed that the atomic ensemble be used as the quantum interface between the photon and the memory. Thanks to the collective enhancement effect between many atomic and optical modes, the DLCZ scheme based on atomic ensemble is an ideal choice for quantum interfaces, and has a great influence in the field of quantum information. Many international research groups are dedicated to implementing the DLCZ type quantum interface. And their mutual entanglement. The famous quantum information and quantum optics expert of the Caltech Institute of Technology, Kimble (Qimble) research group had realized the entanglement of four DLCZ-type quantum interfaces in 2010, representing the highest level in the world.
â–² Duan Luming
In order to realize more entanglement between quantum interfaces and construct a larger quantum entanglement network, Duan Luming's research group has developed a novel two-dimensional quantum interface array that solves related technical problems and can easily realize entanglement among multiple quantum interfaces. Researchers prepared multi-body quantum entangled states by using a beam splitting technique to independently address and coherently control 5×5 quantum interface arrays. Between 25 quantum interfaces, the experiment uses entanglement criteria to prove that there is at least 22 bodies of true entanglement with high confidence, refreshing the world record of the number of entanglement of quantum interfaces.
This world record proves that the entanglement between large-scale quantum interfaces has the foundation for realization. That is to say, we have taken a crucial step towards the realization of the future quantum network. Quantum communication will no longer be applied in small areas in the future. In the field of national, military, and corporate information security, it will also become the protective god of each individual information security.
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